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EBOOK - A Primer of Oilwell Drilling - A Basic Text of Oil and Gas Drilling - Full Edition(Paul M. Bommer)
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Sách nhập môn về khoan giếng dầu - Tài liệu cơ bản về khoan dầu khí (Paul M. Bommer)
The Petroleum Extension Service (PETEX) published the first edition ofA Primer of Oilwell Drilling in 1951. With this latest printing there have been seven editions of the primer written by several editors and authors. Each edition was created in order to keep the book current with advances in drilling technology.
Although drilling technology continues to evolve the purpose of this book has remained the same: to clearly explain drilling to ontechnical readers. The book also includes sections on the history of the petroleum industry as well as the evolution of the science and art of drilling.
Anyone with an interest in the oil and gas business in general and drilling in particular will find this a useful first reader on the subject. Additional information on the petroleum industry can be found in many of the other excellent books offered by PETEX.
This edition is a major revision of the works that came before. The task was made infinitely easier because of the excellent frame work built into the sixth edition by Ron Baker (then the Director of PETEX).
The manuscript was created certainly not just through me and my predecessors but by the excellent and supportive staff of PETEX. in particular iwish to thank Dr. Larry Lake, Chairman of my department, for suggesting ibecome involved in this project and Ms. Francisca Kennedy-Ellis, Assistant Director of PETEX, who agreed.
CONTENTS:
1 Introduction 1
2 History 7
The Drake Well, 1850s 9
California, Late 1800s 10
The Lucas Well, 1901 11
The Middle East, 1900s 13
3 Cable-Tool and Rotary drilling 15
Cable-Tool Drilling 15
Rotary Drilling 16
Rotating Systems 18
Fluid Circulation 19
4 Rotary Rig Types 21
Land Rigs 22
Mobile Offshore Rigs 23
Bottom-Supported MODUs 24
Floating Units 30
5 People and Companies 37
Operating Companies 38
Drilling Contractors 39
Drilling Contracts 39
Service and Supply Companies 40
People 44
Drilling Crews 44
Drilling Crew Work Shifts 50
Crew Safety 50
Other Rig Workers 51
6 Oil and gas: Characteristics and Occurrence 55
Natural Gas 55
Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG) 56
Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG) 56
Natural Gas Liquid(NGL) 57
Crude Oil 57
Refined Hydrocarbons 57
Oil and Gas Reservoirs 58
Characteristics of Reservoir Rocks 58
Origin and Accumulation of Oil and Gas 60
Petroleum Traps 61
Types of Wells 69
7 The drill Site 71
Choosing the Site 71
Preparing the Site 73
Contents
iv A Primer Of Oilwell Drilling
Surface Preparation73
Earthen Pits73
Cellars77
Rathole77
Mousehole79
Conductor Hole80
Moving Equipment to the Site 82
Moving Land Rigs82
Moving and Setting Up Offshore Rigs84
8 Rigging Up 85
Substructures 85
The Drawworks 88
Raising the Mast or Derrick 89
Derrick and Mast Heights90
Mast Load Ratings91
Rigging Up Additional Equipment 91
Offshore Rig-Up 92
9 Rig Components 93
Power System 93
Mechanical Power Transmission97
Electrical Power Transmission97
Hoisting System 100
The Drawworks101
The Catheads102
The Blocks and Drilling Line104
Mast and Derricks109
Rotating Systems 110
Rotary-Table System110
Top Drive117
Downhole Motors118
The Drill String120
Bits122
Circulating System 126
Drilling Fluid126
Circulating Equipment128
10 Normal drilling Operations 135
Drilling the Surface Hole 135
Tripping Out with a Kelly System 148
Tripping Out with a Top-Drive Unit 152
Tripping Out with a Pipe Racker 152
Running Surface Casing 154
Cementing 158
Tripping In 160
Drilling Ahead 162
11 formation Evaluation 163
Examining Cuttings and Drilling Mud 163
Well Logging 165
Contents v
Drill Stem Testing 168
Coring 170
12 Completing the Well 173
Plugging and Abandoning a Well 173
Completing a Producing Well 173
Production Tubing 174
Perforating 176
Well Testing and Treating 177
Acidizing177
Fracturing177
Gravel Packing178
13 Special Operations 179
Directional Drilling 179
Slide Drilling with a Motor180
Rotary Steerable Assemblies181
Fishing 181
Well Control 183
14 Rig Safety and Environmental Concerns 189
15 Conclusion 191
appendix 1: Units of Conversion 193
appendix 2: Figure Credits 195
glossary 207
Index 233
Sách nhập môn về khoan giếng dầu - Tài liệu cơ bản về khoan dầu khí (Paul M. Bommer)
The Petroleum Extension Service (PETEX) published the first edition ofA Primer of Oilwell Drilling in 1951. With this latest printing there have been seven editions of the primer written by several editors and authors. Each edition was created in order to keep the book current with advances in drilling technology.
Although drilling technology continues to evolve the purpose of this book has remained the same: to clearly explain drilling to ontechnical readers. The book also includes sections on the history of the petroleum industry as well as the evolution of the science and art of drilling.
Anyone with an interest in the oil and gas business in general and drilling in particular will find this a useful first reader on the subject. Additional information on the petroleum industry can be found in many of the other excellent books offered by PETEX.
This edition is a major revision of the works that came before. The task was made infinitely easier because of the excellent frame work built into the sixth edition by Ron Baker (then the Director of PETEX).
The manuscript was created certainly not just through me and my predecessors but by the excellent and supportive staff of PETEX. in particular iwish to thank Dr. Larry Lake, Chairman of my department, for suggesting ibecome involved in this project and Ms. Francisca Kennedy-Ellis, Assistant Director of PETEX, who agreed.
CONTENTS:
1 Introduction 1
2 History 7
The Drake Well, 1850s 9
California, Late 1800s 10
The Lucas Well, 1901 11
The Middle East, 1900s 13
3 Cable-Tool and Rotary drilling 15
Cable-Tool Drilling 15
Rotary Drilling 16
Rotating Systems 18
Fluid Circulation 19
4 Rotary Rig Types 21
Land Rigs 22
Mobile Offshore Rigs 23
Bottom-Supported MODUs 24
Floating Units 30
5 People and Companies 37
Operating Companies 38
Drilling Contractors 39
Drilling Contracts 39
Service and Supply Companies 40
People 44
Drilling Crews 44
Drilling Crew Work Shifts 50
Crew Safety 50
Other Rig Workers 51
6 Oil and gas: Characteristics and Occurrence 55
Natural Gas 55
Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG) 56
Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG) 56
Natural Gas Liquid(NGL) 57
Crude Oil 57
Refined Hydrocarbons 57
Oil and Gas Reservoirs 58
Characteristics of Reservoir Rocks 58
Origin and Accumulation of Oil and Gas 60
Petroleum Traps 61
Types of Wells 69
7 The drill Site 71
Choosing the Site 71
Preparing the Site 73
Contents
iv A Primer Of Oilwell Drilling
Surface Preparation73
Earthen Pits73
Cellars77
Rathole77
Mousehole79
Conductor Hole80
Moving Equipment to the Site 82
Moving Land Rigs82
Moving and Setting Up Offshore Rigs84
8 Rigging Up 85
Substructures 85
The Drawworks 88
Raising the Mast or Derrick 89
Derrick and Mast Heights90
Mast Load Ratings91
Rigging Up Additional Equipment 91
Offshore Rig-Up 92
9 Rig Components 93
Power System 93
Mechanical Power Transmission97
Electrical Power Transmission97
Hoisting System 100
The Drawworks101
The Catheads102
The Blocks and Drilling Line104
Mast and Derricks109
Rotating Systems 110
Rotary-Table System110
Top Drive117
Downhole Motors118
The Drill String120
Bits122
Circulating System 126
Drilling Fluid126
Circulating Equipment128
10 Normal drilling Operations 135
Drilling the Surface Hole 135
Tripping Out with a Kelly System 148
Tripping Out with a Top-Drive Unit 152
Tripping Out with a Pipe Racker 152
Running Surface Casing 154
Cementing 158
Tripping In 160
Drilling Ahead 162
11 formation Evaluation 163
Examining Cuttings and Drilling Mud 163
Well Logging 165
Contents v
Drill Stem Testing 168
Coring 170
12 Completing the Well 173
Plugging and Abandoning a Well 173
Completing a Producing Well 173
Production Tubing 174
Perforating 176
Well Testing and Treating 177
Acidizing177
Fracturing177
Gravel Packing178
13 Special Operations 179
Directional Drilling 179
Slide Drilling with a Motor180
Rotary Steerable Assemblies181
Fishing 181
Well Control 183
14 Rig Safety and Environmental Concerns 189
15 Conclusion 191
appendix 1: Units of Conversion 193
appendix 2: Figure Credits 195
glossary 207
Index 233
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