5.14 - Industrial Applications of Steam Generated from Biomass (Esa K Vakkilainen) Full
28 thg 10, 2025 | 15:44

5.14 - Industrial Applications of Steam Generated from Biomass (Esa K Vakkilainen) Full



This article deals with the steam generation from biomass for industrial purposes. First, the magnitude of biomass usage for industrial purposes is described with emphasis on biomass usage categories. Co-generation or simultaneous production of both heat and electricity is the mainstay of industrial steam generation. How the industrial boiler is scoped. Recovery boilers generate steam from pulp and paper mills. Next, the fluidized beds with bark and bagasse applications are described. Lastly, steam generation from grate and auxiliary boilers is looked at. The article ends with an overview of environmental considerations.



5.14.1 Biomass use for industrial purposes 300

5.14.1.1 Classification of solid biofuels for industrial use 300

5.14.1.2 Biomass combustion 302

5.14.1.3 Practical biomass properties for industrial combustion 302

5.14.2 Cogeneration 306

5.14.2.1 Large cogeneration plant 306

5.14.2.2 Cogeneration plant with multiple boilers 306

5.14.2.3 Back pressure turbine 307

5.14.2.4 Expansion in a turbine 308

5.14.3 Industrial boiler design 309

5.14.3.1 Main design parameters 309

5.14.3.2 Fuel requirements 310

5.14.3.3 Steam–Water system 310

5.14.3.4 Air system 310

5.14.3.5 Fuel system 310

5.14.3.6 Flue gas system 310

5.14.3.7 Ash system 311

5.14.3.8 Water treatment 311

5.14.4 Steam generation from black liquor by recovery boilers 312

5.14.4.1 Firing black liquor in a recovery boiler 313

5.14.4.2 Recovery boiler design 314

5.14.4.3 Steam generation is a pulp mill 315

5.14.5 Fluidized bed boilers for biomass 316

5.14.5.1 Steam generation from biomass by BFB boilers 316

5.14.5.2 Design of a bubblingfluidized bed boiler 316

5.14.5.3 Industrial steam generation by a BFB 317

5.14.5.4 Steam generation from biomass by CFB 319

5.14.5.5 Design of a circulatingfluidized bed boiler 320

5.14.5.6 Use of CFB boilers to generate industrial steam from biomass 320

5.14.6 Grate and pulverized boilers for industrial steam generation 321

5.14.6.1 Combustion of bark and wood on a grate 323

5.14.6.2 Modern innovative grate boilers 324

5.14.6.3 Auxiliary boilers for industrial steam generation 324

5.14.6.4 Firing torrefied pellets 324

5.14.7 Environmental considerations 326

5.14.7.1 NOx 326

5.14.7.2 Sulfur dioxide 326

5.14.7.3 Dust 327

5.14.7.4 Carbon monoxide and VOC 327

5.14.7.5 Heavy metal emissions 327

5.14.7.6 Dioxins and furans 327

5.14.7.7 Relevant rules for emissions 328

5.14.8 Conclusions 328

References 328

Relevant Websites 329










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This article deals with the steam generation from biomass for industrial purposes. First, the magnitude of biomass usage for industrial purposes is described with emphasis on biomass usage categories. Co-generation or simultaneous production of both heat and electricity is the mainstay of industrial steam generation. How the industrial boiler is scoped. Recovery boilers generate steam from pulp and paper mills. Next, the fluidized beds with bark and bagasse applications are described. Lastly, steam generation from grate and auxiliary boilers is looked at. The article ends with an overview of environmental considerations.



5.14.1 Biomass use for industrial purposes 300

5.14.1.1 Classification of solid biofuels for industrial use 300

5.14.1.2 Biomass combustion 302

5.14.1.3 Practical biomass properties for industrial combustion 302

5.14.2 Cogeneration 306

5.14.2.1 Large cogeneration plant 306

5.14.2.2 Cogeneration plant with multiple boilers 306

5.14.2.3 Back pressure turbine 307

5.14.2.4 Expansion in a turbine 308

5.14.3 Industrial boiler design 309

5.14.3.1 Main design parameters 309

5.14.3.2 Fuel requirements 310

5.14.3.3 Steam–Water system 310

5.14.3.4 Air system 310

5.14.3.5 Fuel system 310

5.14.3.6 Flue gas system 310

5.14.3.7 Ash system 311

5.14.3.8 Water treatment 311

5.14.4 Steam generation from black liquor by recovery boilers 312

5.14.4.1 Firing black liquor in a recovery boiler 313

5.14.4.2 Recovery boiler design 314

5.14.4.3 Steam generation is a pulp mill 315

5.14.5 Fluidized bed boilers for biomass 316

5.14.5.1 Steam generation from biomass by BFB boilers 316

5.14.5.2 Design of a bubblingfluidized bed boiler 316

5.14.5.3 Industrial steam generation by a BFB 317

5.14.5.4 Steam generation from biomass by CFB 319

5.14.5.5 Design of a circulatingfluidized bed boiler 320

5.14.5.6 Use of CFB boilers to generate industrial steam from biomass 320

5.14.6 Grate and pulverized boilers for industrial steam generation 321

5.14.6.1 Combustion of bark and wood on a grate 323

5.14.6.2 Modern innovative grate boilers 324

5.14.6.3 Auxiliary boilers for industrial steam generation 324

5.14.6.4 Firing torrefied pellets 324

5.14.7 Environmental considerations 326

5.14.7.1 NOx 326

5.14.7.2 Sulfur dioxide 326

5.14.7.3 Dust 327

5.14.7.4 Carbon monoxide and VOC 327

5.14.7.5 Heavy metal emissions 327

5.14.7.6 Dioxins and furans 327

5.14.7.7 Relevant rules for emissions 328

5.14.8 Conclusions 328

References 328

Relevant Websites 329










LINK DOWNLOAD (TÀI LIỆU VIP MEMBER)


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