EBOOK - mmWave Massive MIMO - A Paradigm for 5G (Shahid Mumtaz)


Cellular communication systems historically have undergone a revolution about once every decade (e.g., an entirely new standard), driven by a combination of market demands and technology advances. We are now thinking 5G at the exploratory research phase, with industry consensus hinting toward commercialization around 2020 with widespread adoption by 2025. The market is demanding that 5G should support much higher system capacity (100–1000 ) than current 4G systems, which already are close to the Shannon limit in point-to-point communication systems.

To address the 5G design targets, the information theory suggests that there are predominantly three key approaches to achieve several orders of magnitude increase in system capacity: (i) ultra-dense networks: the network densification already has been adopted in existing 4G wireless cellular networks, which is essentially known as small cell technology, and a denser network can further boost the network capacity; (ii) large quantities of new bandwidth: Migrating toward higher frequencies will release a large amount of bandwidth available to support higher throughput transmission. In particular, the millimeter-wave (“mmWave,” for carrier frequencies of 30–300 GHz) communications can be the promising candidate; and (iii)high spectrum efficiency: by using a large number of antennas (100 or more), massive MIMO can significantly improve the spectrum efficiency by extensively harnessing the available space resources.

CONTENTS:

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to mmWave Massive MIMO.....................1
S. Mumtaz, J. Rodriguez and L. Dai
1.1Requirements of Key Capabilities for 5G......................................2
1.25G Network Architecture Based on mmWave Massive MIMO..... 4
1.3Challenges for mmWave Massive MIMO .....................................7
1.4Structure and Contributions of This Book ...................................12
References.....................................................................................16
CHAPTER 2 SISO to mmWave Massive MIMO...............................19
D. Zhang, S. Mumtaz and K.S. Huq
2.1Overview of Wireless Communication Evolution .......................19
2.2The Channel Models Behind SISO, MIMO.................................20
2.2.1 Wireless Propagation Loss .................................................20
2.2.2 Free Space Propagation Model ..........................................21
2.2.3 Ray Tracing ........................................................................23
2.2.4 Empirical Models ...............................................................25
2.2.5 Shadowing Effects ..............................................................26
2.3From SISO to MIMO ...................................................................27
2.3.1 Outage Probability and Cell Coverage Area .....................27
2.3.2 Rayleigh and Rician Channel Models................................28
2.3.3 Capacity and Transmission Rate Analysis.........................29
2.4From MIMO to mMIMO..............................................................32
2.4.1 Even Faster Transmission Speed .......................................33
2.4.2 Energy Efficiency ...............................................................34
2.5Emerging Topics in mmWave mMIMO ......................................35
References.....................................................................................36
CHAPTER 3 Hybrid Antenna Array for mmWave Massive
MIMO...........................................................................39
J.A. Zhang, X. Huang, V. Dyadyuk and Y. Jay Guo
3.1Introduction ...................................................................................39
3.2Massive Hybrid Array Architectures............................................41
3.3Hardware Design for Analog Subarray ........................................43
3.3.1 Antenna Arrays...................................................................43
3.3.2 RF Chain Architectures ......................................................46
3.3.3 Hybrid Array Prototypes ....................................................49
3.4Smart Antenna Techniques...........................................................51
3.4.1 Array Geometry ..................................................................51
3.4.2 Pure Beamforming and AoA Estimation ...........................52
3.4.3 Single-User MIMO.............................................................55
3.4.4 SDMA .................................................................................57
3.5Conclusions ...................................................................................59
References.....................................................................................60
...




Cellular communication systems historically have undergone a revolution about once every decade (e.g., an entirely new standard), driven by a combination of market demands and technology advances. We are now thinking 5G at the exploratory research phase, with industry consensus hinting toward commercialization around 2020 with widespread adoption by 2025. The market is demanding that 5G should support much higher system capacity (100–1000 ) than current 4G systems, which already are close to the Shannon limit in point-to-point communication systems.

To address the 5G design targets, the information theory suggests that there are predominantly three key approaches to achieve several orders of magnitude increase in system capacity: (i) ultra-dense networks: the network densification already has been adopted in existing 4G wireless cellular networks, which is essentially known as small cell technology, and a denser network can further boost the network capacity; (ii) large quantities of new bandwidth: Migrating toward higher frequencies will release a large amount of bandwidth available to support higher throughput transmission. In particular, the millimeter-wave (“mmWave,” for carrier frequencies of 30–300 GHz) communications can be the promising candidate; and (iii)high spectrum efficiency: by using a large number of antennas (100 or more), massive MIMO can significantly improve the spectrum efficiency by extensively harnessing the available space resources.

CONTENTS:

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to mmWave Massive MIMO.....................1
S. Mumtaz, J. Rodriguez and L. Dai
1.1Requirements of Key Capabilities for 5G......................................2
1.25G Network Architecture Based on mmWave Massive MIMO..... 4
1.3Challenges for mmWave Massive MIMO .....................................7
1.4Structure and Contributions of This Book ...................................12
References.....................................................................................16
CHAPTER 2 SISO to mmWave Massive MIMO...............................19
D. Zhang, S. Mumtaz and K.S. Huq
2.1Overview of Wireless Communication Evolution .......................19
2.2The Channel Models Behind SISO, MIMO.................................20
2.2.1 Wireless Propagation Loss .................................................20
2.2.2 Free Space Propagation Model ..........................................21
2.2.3 Ray Tracing ........................................................................23
2.2.4 Empirical Models ...............................................................25
2.2.5 Shadowing Effects ..............................................................26
2.3From SISO to MIMO ...................................................................27
2.3.1 Outage Probability and Cell Coverage Area .....................27
2.3.2 Rayleigh and Rician Channel Models................................28
2.3.3 Capacity and Transmission Rate Analysis.........................29
2.4From MIMO to mMIMO..............................................................32
2.4.1 Even Faster Transmission Speed .......................................33
2.4.2 Energy Efficiency ...............................................................34
2.5Emerging Topics in mmWave mMIMO ......................................35
References.....................................................................................36
CHAPTER 3 Hybrid Antenna Array for mmWave Massive
MIMO...........................................................................39
J.A. Zhang, X. Huang, V. Dyadyuk and Y. Jay Guo
3.1Introduction ...................................................................................39
3.2Massive Hybrid Array Architectures............................................41
3.3Hardware Design for Analog Subarray ........................................43
3.3.1 Antenna Arrays...................................................................43
3.3.2 RF Chain Architectures ......................................................46
3.3.3 Hybrid Array Prototypes ....................................................49
3.4Smart Antenna Techniques...........................................................51
3.4.1 Array Geometry ..................................................................51
3.4.2 Pure Beamforming and AoA Estimation ...........................52
3.4.3 Single-User MIMO.............................................................55
3.4.4 SDMA .................................................................................57
3.5Conclusions ...................................................................................59
References.....................................................................................60
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