EBOOK - Pressure Vessel Design Manual 4th Edition (Dennis R. Moss & Michael Basic) | Cộng đồng Kỹ thuật cơ điện Việt Nam EBOOKBKMT

EBOOK - Hướng dẫn thiết kế bình áp lực (Dennis R. Moss & Michael Basic) - 825 Trang.

Pressure vessels are closed containers designed to hold gases or liquids at a pressure substantially different from the ambient pressure. They have a variety of applications in industry, including in oil refineries, nuclear reactors, vehicle airbrake reservoirs, and more. The pressure differential with such vessels is dangerous, and due to the risk of accident and fatality around their use, the design, manufacture, operation and inspection of pressure vessels is regulated by engineering authorities and guided by legal codes and standards. Pressure Vessel Design Manual is a solutions-focused guide to the many problems and technical challenges involved in the design of pressure vessels to match stringent standards and codes. It brings together otherwise scattered information and explanations into one easy-to-use resource to minimize research and take readers from problem to solution in the most direct manner possible.

CONTENTS:

1: General Topics.....................................................1
Design Philosophy .................................................... 1
Stress Analysis .......................................................... 2
Stress/Failure Theories .............................................. 3
Failures in Pressure Vessels ...................................... 7
Loadings .................................................................... 8
Stress ....................................................................... 10
Thermal Stresses...................................................... 13
Discontinuity Stresses ............................................. 14
Fatigue Analysis for Cyclic Service........................ 15
Creep ....................................................................... 24
Cryogenic Applications........................................... 32
Service Considerations ............................................ 34
Miscellaneous Design Considerations..................... 35
Items to be Included in a User’s Design
Specification (UDS) for ASME VIII-2
Vessels..................................................................... 35
References ............................................................... 36
2: General Design...................................................37
Procedure 2-1: General Vessel Formulas................ 38
Procedure 2-2: External Pressure Design................ 42
Procedure 2-3: Properties of Stiffening Rings ........ 51
Procedure 2-4: Code Case 2286 ............................. 54
Procedure 2-5: Design of Cones ............................. 58
Procedure 2-6: Design of Toriconical
Transitions ............................................................... 67
Procedure 2-7: Stresses in Heads Due to
Internal Pressure ...................................................... 70
Procedure 2-8: Design of Intermediate Heads ........ 74
Procedure 2-9: Design of Flat Heads...................... 76
Procedure 2-10: Design of Large Openings in
Flat Heads................................................................ 81
Procedure 2-11: Calculate MAP, MAWP,
and Test Pressures ................................................... 83
Procedure 2-12: Nozzle Reinforcement .................. 85
Procedure 2-13: Find or Revise the Center of
Gravity of a Vessel.................................................. 90
Procedure 2-14: Minimum Design Metal
Temperature (MDMT)............................................. 90
Procedure 2-15: Buckling of Thin Wall
Cylindrical Shells .................................................... 95
Procedure 2-16: Optimum Vessel
Proportions .............................................................. 96
Procedure 2-17: Estimating Weights of Vessels
and Vessel Components ........................................ 102
Procedure 2-18: Design of Jacketed Vessels ........ 124
Procedure 2-19: Forming
Strains/Fiber Elongation........................................ 134
References ............................................................. 138
3: Flange Design...................................................139
Introduction ........................................................... 140
Procedure 3-1: Design of Flanges......................... 148
Procedure 3-2: Design of Spherically
Dished Covers ....................................................... 165
Procedure 3-3: Design of Blind Flanges
with Openings ....................................................... 167
Procedure 3-4: Bolt Torque Required for
Sealing Flanges ..................................................... 169
Procedure 3-5: Design of Studding Outlets .......... 172
Procedure 3-6: Reinforcement for
Studding Outlets.................................................... 175
Procedure 3-7: Studding Flanges .......................... 176
Procedure 3-8: Design of Elliptical,
Internal Manways .................................................. 181
Procedure 3-9: Through Nozzles .......................... 182
References ............................................................. 183
4: Design of Vessel Supports ..............................185
Introduction: Support Structures ........................... 186
Procedure 4-1: Wind Design Per ASCE............... 189
Procedure 4-2: Seismic Design–General ............ 199
Procedure 4-3: Seismic Design for Vessels .......... 204
Procedure 4-4: Seismic Design–Vessel on
Unbraced Legs....................................................... 208
Procedure 4-5: Seismic Design–Vessel
on Braced Legs...................................................... 217
Procedure 4-6: Seismic Design–Vessel
on Rings ................................................................ 223
Procedure 4-7: Seismic Design–Vessel
on Lugs.................................................................. 229
Procedure 4-8: Seismic Design–Vessel
on Skirt.................................................................. 239
Procedure 4-9: Seismic Design–Vessel
on Conical Skirt .................................................... 248
Procedure 4-10: Design of Horizontal
Vessel on Saddles.................................................. 253
Procedure 4-11: Design of Saddle Supports
for Large Vessels................................................... 267
Procedure 4-12: Design of Base Plates
for Legs ................................................................. 275
Procedure 4-13: Design of Lug Supports ............. 278
Procedure 4-14: Design of Base Details for
Vertical Vessels-Shifted Neutral Axis Method..... 281
Procedure 4-15: Design of Base Details for
Vertical Vessels–Centered Neutral Axis Method.. 291
Procedure 4-16: Design of Anchor Bolts for
Vertical Vessels..................................................... 293
Procedure 4-17: Properties of Concrete ................ 295
References ............................................................. 296
5: Vessel Internals...............................................297
Procedure 5-1: Design of Internal Support Beds.. 298
Procedure 5-2: Design of Lattice Beams .............. 310
Procedure 5-3: Shell Stresses due to
Loadings at Support Beam Locations ................... 316
Procedure 5-4: Design of Support Blocks ............ 319
Procedure 5-5: Hub Rings used for Bed
Supports................................................................. 321
Procedure 5-6: Design of Pipe Coils
for Heat Transfer ................................................... 326
Procedure 5-7: Agitators/Mixers for Vessels
and Tanks .............................................................. 345
Procedure 5-8: Design of Internal Pipe
Distributors ............................................................ 353
Procedure 5-9: Design of Trays ............................ 366
Procedure 5-10: Flow Over Weirs ........................ 375
Procedure 5-11: Design of Demisters ................... 376
Procedure 5-12: Design of Baffles........................ 381
Procedure 5-13: Design of Impingement
Plates ..................................................................... 391
References ............................................................. 392
6: Special Designs................................................393
Procedure 6-1: Design of Large-Diameter
Nozzle Openings ................................................... 394
Large OpeningsdMembrane and
Bending Analysis .................................................. 397
Procedure 6-2: Tower Deflection .......................... 397
Procedure 6-3: Design of Ring Girders ................ 401
Procedure 6-4: Design of Vessels with
Refractory Linings................................................. 406
Procedure 6-5: Vibration of Tall Towers and
Stacks .................................................................... 418
Procedure 6-6: Underground Tanks &
Vessels................................................................... 428
Procedure 6-7: Local Thin Area (LTA) ................ 432
References ............................................................. 433
7: Local Loads ......................................................435
Procedure 7-1: Stresses in Circular Rings ............ 437
Procedure 7-2: Design of Partial Ring
Stiffeners................................................................ 446
Procedure 7-3: Attachment Parameters................. 448
Procedure 7-4: Stresses in Cylindrical Shells
from External Local Loads ................................... 449
Procedure 7-5: Stresses in Spherical Shells
from External Local Loads ................................... 465
References ............................................................. 472
8: High Pressure Vessels....................................473
1.0. General...........................................................474
2.0. Shell Design...................................................496
3.0. Design of Closures ........................................502
4.0. Nozzles ..........................................................551
5.0. References......................................................556
9: Related Equipment............................................557
Procedure 9-1: Design of Davits........................... 558
Procedure 9-2: Design of Circular Platforms........ 563
Procedure 9-3: Design of Square and
Rectangular Platforms ........................................... 571
Procedure 9-4: Design of Pipe Supports............... 576
Procedure 9-5: Shear Loads in
Bolted Connections ............................................... 584
Procedure 9-6: Design of Bins and Elevated
Tanks ..................................................................... 586
Procedure 9-7: Field-Fabricated Spheres ............ 594
References ........................................................... 630
10: Transportation and Erection of
Pressure Vessels..........................................631
Procedure 10-1: Transportation of
Pressure Vessels .................................................. 632
Procedure 10-2: Erection of Pressure
Vessels................................................................. 660
Procedure 10-3: Lifting Attachments
and Terminology ................................................. 666
Procedure 10-4: Lifting Loads and Forces ......... 675
Procedure 10-5: Design of Tail Beams,
Lugs, and Base Ring Details .............................. 681
Procedure 10-6: Design of Top Head
and Cone Lifting Lugs ........................................ 691
Procedure 10-7: Design of Flange Lugs............. 695
Procedure 10-8: Design of Trunnions................. 706
Procedure 10-9: Local Loads in Shell
Due to Erection Forces ....................................... 710
Procedure 10-10: Miscellaneous ......................... 713
11: Materials .......................................................719
11.1. Types of Materials .....................................720
11.2. Properties of Materials...............................723
11.3. Bolting .......................................................728
11.4. Testing & Examination..............................732
11.5. Heat Treatment ..........................................73

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